Bluetooth was named after a tenth-century king, Harald Bluetooth, King of Denmark and Norway. Bluetooth is an anglicized version of Harald Blaatand, who was known for his unification of previously warring tribes from Denmark (including now Swedish Scania, where the Bluetooth technology was invented), and Norway. Bluetooth likewise was intended to unify different technologies, such as personal computers and mobile phones.
The name may have been inspired less by the historical Harald than the loose interpretation of him in The Long Ships by Frans Gunnar Bengtsson, a Swedish Viking-inspired novel.
The Bluetooth logo merges the Germanic runes analogous to the modern Latin letter H and B: (for Harald Bluetooth) (Hagall) and (Berkanan) merged together, forming a bind rune.and the finally the logo became
Thursday, July 31, 2008
Gyaan 1.0--YouTube download
YouTube download
YouTube is an excellent website that allows you to view saved videos on their servers. But where the heck is download option there? YouTube doesn't allow you to download these videos.you like a video in YouTube and also you want to download it... but how???Here is one such website which converts the YouTube video into download format.
http://www.videodownloadx.com/
To download,paste video URL into the box.
e.g. http://youtube.com/watch?v=TxKIMD1UEuY
Click "DOWNLOAD" to save the YouTube file to your PC.After downloading video you need to have FLV player to watch the video.
YouTube is an excellent website that allows you to view saved videos on their servers. But where the heck is download option there? YouTube doesn't allow you to download these videos.you like a video in YouTube and also you want to download it... but how???Here is one such website which converts the YouTube video into download format.
http://www.videodownloadx.com/
To download,paste video URL into the box.
e.g. http://youtube.com/watch?v=TxKIMD1UEuY
Click "DOWNLOAD" to save the YouTube file to your PC.After downloading video you need to have FLV player to watch the video.
I luv viरस!!--1.1
Who Writes Malicious Programs and Why?
Virus writers: four general types
Virus writers belong to one of four broad groups: cyber-vandals, who can be divided into two categories, and more serious programmers, who can again be split into two groups.
Cyber vandalism - stage 1
In the past, most malware was written by young programmers: kids who just had learned to program who wanted to test their skills. Fortunately most of these programs did not spread widely - the majority of such malware died when disks were reformatted or upgraded. Viruses like these were not written with a concrete aim or a definite target, but simply for the writers to assert themselves.
Cyber vandalism - stage 2
The second largest group of contributors to malware coding were young people, usually students. They were still learning programming, but had already made a conscious decision to devote their skills to virus writing. These were people who had chosen to disrupt the computing community by committing acts of cyber hooliganism and cyber vandalism. Viruses authored by members of this group were usually extremely primitive and the code contained a large number of errors.
However, the development of the Internet provided space and new opportunities for these would-be virus writers.Numerous sites, chat rooms and other resources sprang up where anyone could learn about virus writing: by talking to experienced authors and downloading everything from tools for constructing and concealing malware to malicious program source code.
Professional virus writers
And then these 'script kiddies' grew up. Unfortunately, some of them did not grow out of virus writing. Instead, they looked for commercial applications for their dubious talents. This group remains the most secretive and dangerous section of the computer underground: they have created a network of professional and talented programmers who are very serious about writing and spreading viruses.
Professional virus writers often write innovative code designed to penetrate computers and networks; they research software and hardware vulnerabilities and use social engineering in original ways to ensure that their malicious creations will not only survive, but also spread widely.
Virus researchers: the 'proof-of-concept' malware authors
The fourth and smallest group of virus writers is rather unusual. These virus writers call themselves researchers, and they are often talented programmers who devote their skills to developing new methods for penetrating and infecting systems, fooling antivirus programs and so forth. They are usually among the first to penetrate new operating systems and hardware. Nevertheless, these virus writers are not writing viruses for money, but for research purposes. They usually do not spread the source code of their 'proof of concept viruses', but do actively discuss their innovations on Internet resources devoted to virus writing.
All of this may sound innocent or even beneficial. However, a virus remains a virus and research into new threats should be conducted by people devoted to curing the disease, not by amateurs who take no responsibility for the results of their research. Many proof of concept viruses can turn into serious threats once the professional virus writers gain access to them, since virus writing is a source of income for this group.
Virus writers: four general types
Virus writers belong to one of four broad groups: cyber-vandals, who can be divided into two categories, and more serious programmers, who can again be split into two groups.
Cyber vandalism - stage 1
In the past, most malware was written by young programmers: kids who just had learned to program who wanted to test their skills. Fortunately most of these programs did not spread widely - the majority of such malware died when disks were reformatted or upgraded. Viruses like these were not written with a concrete aim or a definite target, but simply for the writers to assert themselves.
Cyber vandalism - stage 2
The second largest group of contributors to malware coding were young people, usually students. They were still learning programming, but had already made a conscious decision to devote their skills to virus writing. These were people who had chosen to disrupt the computing community by committing acts of cyber hooliganism and cyber vandalism. Viruses authored by members of this group were usually extremely primitive and the code contained a large number of errors.
However, the development of the Internet provided space and new opportunities for these would-be virus writers.Numerous sites, chat rooms and other resources sprang up where anyone could learn about virus writing: by talking to experienced authors and downloading everything from tools for constructing and concealing malware to malicious program source code.
Professional virus writers
And then these 'script kiddies' grew up. Unfortunately, some of them did not grow out of virus writing. Instead, they looked for commercial applications for their dubious talents. This group remains the most secretive and dangerous section of the computer underground: they have created a network of professional and talented programmers who are very serious about writing and spreading viruses.
Professional virus writers often write innovative code designed to penetrate computers and networks; they research software and hardware vulnerabilities and use social engineering in original ways to ensure that their malicious creations will not only survive, but also spread widely.
Virus researchers: the 'proof-of-concept' malware authors
The fourth and smallest group of virus writers is rather unusual. These virus writers call themselves researchers, and they are often talented programmers who devote their skills to developing new methods for penetrating and infecting systems, fooling antivirus programs and so forth. They are usually among the first to penetrate new operating systems and hardware. Nevertheless, these virus writers are not writing viruses for money, but for research purposes. They usually do not spread the source code of their 'proof of concept viruses', but do actively discuss their innovations on Internet resources devoted to virus writing.
All of this may sound innocent or even beneficial. However, a virus remains a virus and research into new threats should be conducted by people devoted to curing the disease, not by amateurs who take no responsibility for the results of their research. Many proof of concept viruses can turn into serious threats once the professional virus writers gain access to them, since virus writing is a source of income for this group.
I luv viरस!!--1.0
not the best of the article to start with, but somehow couldn't stop myself from doing this!!
heres an article about Malware and its history which i got from karthik's comp.
History of Malware
Malicious software may seem like a relatively new concept. The epidemics of the past few years have introduced the majority of computer users to viruses, worms and Trojans - usually because their computers were attacked.
However, malicious software is not really new.Viruses started appearing on dedicated networks such as the ARPANET in the 1970s. The boom in personal computers, initiated by Apple in the early 1980s, led to a corresponding boom in viruses. As more and more people gained hands-on access to computers, they were able to learn how the machines worked. And some individuals inevitably used their knowledge with malicious intent.
As technology has evolved, so have viruses. In the space of a couple of decades, we have seen computers change almost beyond recognition. The extremely limited machines which booted from a floppy disk are now powerful systems that can send huge volumes of data almost instantaneously, route email to hundreds or thousands of addresses, and entertain individuals with movies, music and interactive Web sites. And virus writers have kept pace with these changes.
While the viruses of the 1980s targeted a variety of operating systems and networks, most viruses today are written to exploit vulnerabilities in the most commonly used software: Microsoft Windows. The increasing number of vulnerable users is now being actively exploited by virus writers. The first malicious programs may have shocked users, by causing computers to behave in unexpected ways. However, the viruses which started appearing in the 1990s present much more of a threat: they are often used to steal confidential information such as bank account details and passwords.
So malicious software has turned into big business. An understanding of contemporary threats is vital for safe computing. This section gives an overview of the evolution of malware: it offers a glimpse of some historical curiosities, and provides a framework to help understand the origins of today's cyber-threats.
- ಕಳ್ಳ
heres an article about Malware and its history which i got from karthik's comp.
History of Malware
Malicious software may seem like a relatively new concept. The epidemics of the past few years have introduced the majority of computer users to viruses, worms and Trojans - usually because their computers were attacked.
However, malicious software is not really new.Viruses started appearing on dedicated networks such as the ARPANET in the 1970s. The boom in personal computers, initiated by Apple in the early 1980s, led to a corresponding boom in viruses. As more and more people gained hands-on access to computers, they were able to learn how the machines worked. And some individuals inevitably used their knowledge with malicious intent.
As technology has evolved, so have viruses. In the space of a couple of decades, we have seen computers change almost beyond recognition. The extremely limited machines which booted from a floppy disk are now powerful systems that can send huge volumes of data almost instantaneously, route email to hundreds or thousands of addresses, and entertain individuals with movies, music and interactive Web sites. And virus writers have kept pace with these changes.
While the viruses of the 1980s targeted a variety of operating systems and networks, most viruses today are written to exploit vulnerabilities in the most commonly used software: Microsoft Windows. The increasing number of vulnerable users is now being actively exploited by virus writers. The first malicious programs may have shocked users, by causing computers to behave in unexpected ways. However, the viruses which started appearing in the 1990s present much more of a threat: they are often used to steal confidential information such as bank account details and passwords.
So malicious software has turned into big business. An understanding of contemporary threats is vital for safe computing. This section gives an overview of the evolution of malware: it offers a glimpse of some historical curiosities, and provides a framework to help understand the origins of today's cyber-threats.
- ಕಳ್ಳ
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